Company accounts

Balance sheets, cash, debt, buybacks

Annual accounts of listed companies worldwide, item by item and fiscal year by fiscal year: who has the most cash, who carries the most debt, who invests, who buys back its shares, who pays the most dividends. And health scores to identify solid balance sheets and fragile balance sheets.

344 rankings·exercises 2010 à 2026·calculated on 2026-11-02

Key points

This ranking presents a detailed analysis of the annual accounts of listed companies worldwide for the fiscal years from 2010 to 2026. It makes it possible to identify companies with the most cash, those carrying the highest debt, or those investing massively. The data also includes information on share buybacks, dividends paid, and health scores to distinguish solid balance sheets from fragile ones.

The indicators analyzed

The document explores several crucial financial items such as cash and cash equivalents, total debt, and net debt. Cash and cash equivalents correspond to cash and investments of less than one year, while net debt represents total debt minus cash and cash equivalents. The ranking also examines equity belonging to shareholders, total assets to measure the size of the company, as well as free cash-flow and investments (capex).

Frequently Asked Questions

What does net debt represent in this ranking?

It corresponds to total debt minus cash and cash equivalents, which indicates what is truly left to repay.

How is cash and cash equivalents calculated?

It is read from the closing balance sheet and includes cash and investments of less than one year.

What periods are covered by these rankings?

The data covers the fiscal years from 2010 to 2026.

By balance sheet item and flows

Rankings by fiscal year

Amounts read in published accounts, converted to dollars, with the accounts' currency. Each card gives the most recent fiscal year and the history.

Cash

Cash and investments of less than one year, read from the closing balance sheet.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Total Debt

Short and long-term loans on the closing balance sheet.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Net Debt

Total debt minus cash: what is actually left to repay.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Equity

Equity attributable to shareholders, at the closing balance sheet.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Total assets

Total balance sheet: the size of the company seen through its assets.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Free cash-flow

Operating cash flow minus investments: the cash available for shareholders.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Investments (capex)

Factories, networks, data centers: what the company spent to grow.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Share buybacks

Money returned to shareholders by repurchasing shares.

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Dividends paid

Dividends actually paid, read in the flow table.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Working capital requirement

Receivables plus inventory less payables: money locked by the operating cycle.

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Variant: excluding banks and insurance
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Stocks

Commodities, materials and work in progress on the balance sheet.

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Financial health

Solid balance sheets, fragile balance sheets, valuation gaps

Scores calculated on the latest published accounts, large caps only.

The strongest companies according to the Altman Z score

Distance from default risk, according to the balance sheet.

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Best-rated companies by Piotroski score

Nine account quality tests, one point each.

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The most undervalued shares relative to their DCF value

Value by discounted flows far above the share price.

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The most expensive shares relative to their DCF value

Price very above value by updated flows.

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Members

Financial health sheet of a share

Altman Z, Piotroski, owner earnings, DCF vs share price, debt to EBITDA, ten years of cash and debt, capitalization curve: on the platform, for each tracked company.

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Frequently Asked Questions

About these rankings

Where do these figures come from?
Annual balance sheets and cash flow statements published by companies, collected from our financial data provider. Nothing is estimated: a company without the data is excluded from the ranking.
Why a "ex-banks and insurance" variant?
A bank's balance sheet (deposits, loans, securities) has nothing to do with that of an industrial company: in terms of cash, debt, or assets, banks occupy all the top spots and hide the rest of the economy.
How to read an Altman Z or Piotroski score?
Altman Z measures the distance from default risk (above 2,99: safe zone). Piotroski scores from 0 to 9 the quality of accounts on nine tests. Both are calculated on the latest annual accounts.
Are these rankings investment advice?
No. This is factual information drawn from public accounts, provided for informational purposes.